Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a wide spectrum of symptoms that affects roughly 75% of women of reproductive age.
Methods: A literature review was performed relevant to the effects of calcium and vitamin D on PMS symptoms. Nutritional interventions with evidence were analyzed and reviewed.
Results: Studies showed that vitamin D has anti-inflammatory effects and can contribute to healthier stress levels and decreased anxiety and depression. Calcium can help maintain mineral balance and uterine function leading to a reduction in overall luteal phase symptoms.
Conclusions: A combination of supplementation with calcium and vitamin D may improve the symptoms of PMS.
Author keywords: Premenstrual syndrome, Supplementation, Nutrition, Calcium, Vitamin D, Menstrual Cycle
This abstract is reproduced with the permission of the publisher.
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